YouTube premium
YouTube premium is a website that hosts videos that began life in 2005 as a tiny start-up and evolved to be the most used free video-sharing platform on the internet. It is also the most used social media site, accessed by as much as 73% of adults in the US, and among the most prevalent apps app loaded on smartphones. There are now over 2 billion monthly active YouTube users,2 of whom 91% are between the ages of 18-29.
More than a billion hours of video are watched daily, with over 70% streamed from mobile phones and tablets. As per the website of the company, YouTube watch time on television screens stood at over 250 million hours daily as of March 2019 and has significantly grown in recent years from 6 billion hours of watch time within a month in 2013 to over one billion hours of watch time within a day in 2020. With all this popularity, YouTube is a great source for Radiology education as well. This article provides instructions on utilizing and maximizing the platform as an educational medium and lists a few examples of great Radiology YouTube channels.
Free open-access medical education, FOAM or Foamed, is a term created by the emergency physician and medical educator Dr. Michael D. Cadogan describes posting educational resources online free of charge by physician-educators. The popularity of FOAM has grown exponentially over the past 2 decades, particularly in Emergency Medicine and Critical Care. Statistics from the early 2000s collected by Cadogan et al. indicated explosive expansion from a mere two blogs and one podcast in 2002 to 141 blogs and 42 podcasts in 2013.
More recently, youtube promotion, internet marketing service, digital marketing, youtubetv, yt studio, youtube shorts, youtube channel Burkholder et al. examined 12 FOAM blogs from 6 countries with a combined reported volume of about 18.7 million sessions globally in 2016.
Free open-access medical education in Radiology Farmed is a similar trend where radiology instructors make free online Radiology educational materials available to trainees. Most institutions are now putting their local lectures and medical education material on the internet for worldwide accessibility.
How to Consume Content on YouTube
Getting content on YouTube is easy. A search field on top of the app or site can search both channels and videos. Every YouTube channel has the Videos, Playlists, Community, and About tabs. The Videos tab displays all videos in an inverted chronological order. Playlists are like folders with videos on the same subject and are used to watch the videos one after the other in the playlist. The Community section holds other kinds of posts through which the channel owner engages its viewers. These include comments, polls, or photographs. Lastly, the About section holds the channel description and the linked social media handles.
The only modes of interaction with a video are to press the Like or Dislike buttons or to post a comment or respond to other individuals’ comments in the Comments section. On the video webpage, there is also a Share button and a Save to Playlist button, which will be displayed on the user’s YouTube home page. If published, these playlists will also appear on Google search.
Anyone can make personal playlists of videos to view again in the future, which are found under the Library tab and function like the playlists in YouTube channels. Currently, a video download feature exists only in the mobile app and is available only to YouTube Premium subscribers and people in some developing countries.
Once you have watched a few videos and are busy with them by liking or disliking them, YouTube will also suggest videos with similar content on the Home feed. To engage with a YouTube channel as anti to the video itself, you can subscribe to it, sign up for notifications, or visit the Community section, where the writer can add images or polls that you can engage with by liking, disliking, or commenting. Regrettably, this Community feature is seldom utilized in Radiology-related channels.
YouTube and Radiology Education
YouTube premium has the potential to be an extremely effective pedagogic tool in Radiology, particularly for the millennial generation and Generation Z. The most frequent video formats used in Radiology education are case conferences and lectures. Koontz et al. reported the Indiana University experience with their Case of the Day educational project employing email, social media including YouTube, and a website to distribute content.
Their YouTube video lectures were viewed 3657 times, for a total of 10,358 minutes. They determined that, in general, viewers greatly enjoyed the quality of the videos, as 97% of viewers surveyed said the quality was good or excellent. No published experiences or original studies have examined YouTube’s, yt music, youtube live, youtubekids, youtube movies, tubemate role as a learning tool for Radiology. Another interactive format is peer learning by case conferences.
Chow et al. reported their experience with one-hour case discussions broadcast over the online conferencing platform Zoom Zoom Video Communications, Inc., San Jose, CA, and GoToMeeting LogMeIn Inc., Boston, MA, among abdominal and cardiothoracic radiologists throughout the United States. These were subsequently posted on YouTube, where they could be utilized for peer learning and quality assurance by viewers globally. The most common YouTube channels in the education of Radiology, at the time of writing, are owned by single radiologists, professional societies, university departments, or private firms.
Screen recording
The simplest method of producing an educational video is a screen and audio recording, which can be performed at the time of the lecture or case presentation. The most crucial aspect is to eliminate any type of protected health information, such as but not limited to names of patients, medical record numbers, exam identification numbers, accession numbers, addresses including email addresses, social security numbers, date of birth, discharge date, date of death, telephone number.
Further, it is also essential not to screen-capture anyone else’s material. Internet pictures are readily available but are the property of other artists or publishers. Copyright is automatic and property of the artist/publisher of the work the moment it is rendered into permanent media, even if not marked on a picture.
Video and audio recording
Most modern-day smartphones, now within reach of the majority of the population in developed countries, have a microphone and camera good enough to film YouTube videos. In making an effective video, the key points are creativity, originality, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act compliance, and lack of plagiarism.
Video editing
Advanced video editing software includes iMovie, Final Cut, Adobe Premiere, Fill mora, Cap cut. Using these programs, creators can create professional-looking videos with animations and a multilayered soundtrack. Adobe Layout enables the creator to include any form of visual effect, which will be superimposed over the recorded video keynote slide or screencast. A single 5-minute video may take hours to create and upload, depending on the complexity and finish of the editing.
Video duration
Once a creator has confirmed their Fresh YouTube account, they can upload videos that are over 15 min. Optimal video length is, however, controversial since it depends on many factors, including channel/video type, popularity of topic, complexity, age of audience, education and interests, language, target geography, and host, among many others. While the average duration of the top 50 YouTube videos is approximately 3 minutes, 90% of them are music videos.
There are also no studies examining the video features of popular healthcare YouTube channels and videos. In a study, Lau et al. used Learner Analytics in an experimental series of 10 video lectures on electroencephalography interpretation based on YouTube videos to analyze trends in view count, overall percentage of video watched, and audience retention. It revealed a consistent linear drop in viewership for every video, with no indication of an ideal video lecture duration.
How to present yourself professionally on video
The initial step is to complete the About part of the YouTube channel and connect it to any other social media site or website. If the speaker is on video, the camera must be firmly set on a tripod, table, or stable platform to prevent shaky video. Give a colorful background, such as a shelf of books. If it is an office, keep it clean. Reduce background noise.
Try editing the video by inserting fades, transitions, text overlay, and jump-cuts. Address the camera as if you were addressing a huge crowd so that the speech is audible and loud and does not have too long silences, which can be edited out using the jump cut technique. Inserting audio effects and transitions into the voice of the speaker may, at times, assist in creating a more professional-sounding video.
Benefits of YouTube
There are several advantages to the distribution of educational material on YouTube. The greatest benefit is that a video format permits the learner to learn at their own pace since they can rewind, fast-forward, pause, begin again, and re-watch whenever necessary.
Since creators typically gain revenue through Ad revenue or donations from sponsors, YouTube may be accessed for free with ads, making it accessible to a wider audience.
This is pertinent, particularly since a great deal of currently available Radiology material is gated behind a society membership that students and trainees are often not able to pay for. Furthermore, YouTube is easily accessible from mobile devices like smartphones and tablets iOS, Apple, Android, Google Chrome OS, video game consoles PlayStation, Xbox, Nintendo consoles, set-top box devices Apple TV, Roku, Google Chromecast, or smart TV operating systems like webOS LG. This translates to YouTube being accessible almost anywhere a screen exists, serving mainly the digital native millennial generation and Generation Z, who have been born with technology.
Disadvantages of YouTube
One possible negative aspect of YouTube for consumers is misinformation, given that the vast majority of videos do not reference sources and are not peer-reviewed. Social media is a good platform for propagating false information, and this is no exception for YouTube. Foroughi et al. discovered that Twitter’s rate and speed of dissemination of false information between 2006 and 2017 were almost 10 times the rate and speed of dissemination of correct information.
Conclusion
In short, while there is still a relative paucity of Radiology educational material on YouTube, this site has the potential to be a very good resource in this discipline. Some of its strengths are that it is a free, simple, and easily accessible site where users can cross language and geographic boundaries. The pause, rewind, watch again, and fast-forward features might also be especially helpful for the radiology trainee.
Several reliable channels produced by renowned educators, radiology departments, or established radiological societies offer FOAM Rad in the form of lectures. Conversely, since YouTube is an easily accessible platform, it also poses the risk of spreading incorrect medical information or substandard educational content. For this reason, it is important to choose carefully reliable channels produced by renowned educators with best practices of explicitly articulating learning objectives and referencing sources whenever they present data or those created by radiology departments or established radiological societies.